This study describes keratan sulfate (KS), a multifunctional electroconductive glycosaminoglycan, and it’s participation in electrochemical processes that regulate neuronal activity. Neuronal cells are highly responsive to electrical stimulation and this is an intrinsic evolutionary property of this cell type. Tissue engineering protocols are being developed to produce scaffolds that provide electrical environments conducive to neuronal activity to improve neural repair and regenerative responses. Incorporation of KS in bioactive electroconductive hydrogels may enhance their therapeutic properties by improving their interactions with growth factors, structural and neuroregulatory glycoproteins and through the proton capture electroconductive properties of KS. Brain tissues are one of the richest sources of KS in the human body and it has diverse properties including roles in synaptic stabilization and plasticity essential for optimal neuronal activity. Electrical cues are important determinants of neurotransduction in neural networks and also regulate wound healing and neuro-regenerative processes. Novel bioelectronic neural therapeutics are being harnessed to promote repair of the CNS/PNS. KS has unique functional properties in cellular bioregulation, a greater understanding of these properties would be expected to improve the capability of biotherapeutic neural repair biology