Global Open Access Journal of Science

Open Access Review Physics

Refreshing the Theory of Relativity: Promoting an Interdisciplinary Dialog on Space, Time and Movement

Bernard GUY*

Abstract: The theory of relativity must be reworked. Quite simply because it does not properly address the question of time. It avoids confronting it, taking its object for granted, hidden as it is in punctual clocks that don’t exist. However, it’s not a question of getting rid of it, nor fundamentally modifying its mathematical formalism....

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Open Access Review Biology

Charles Darwin Revisited through the Lens of FIKR (Facet, Insight, Knowledge, and Resilience): Reflections on Curiosity, Compassion, and the Intellect as Foundations of Scientific Discovery

Chee Kong Yap1*
Chee Seng Leow2, and Wing Sum Vincent Leong2*

Abstract: In addition to his theory of evolution, Charles Darwin (CD) left behind insightful teachings about how Curiosity, Compassion, and Intellect (CCI) define both scientific brilliance and the human condition. In order to identify the fundamental principles that drove CD’s revolutionary contributions, this review reexamines his life, character, family, and educational background within the framework of the FIKR (Facet, Insight, Knowledge, and Resilience) model....

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Open Access Research Physics

Discharge Structure of Ar/SF6 Inductively Coupled Plasma at High Pressure

Shu-Xia Zhao*
*

Abstract: In the article, the discharge structure of Ar/SF₆ inductively coupled plasma at high pressure is studied. At high electronegativity, the island potential is formed at discharge initial stage, and most of plasma dynamics are occurred in the potential. The self-coagulation and diffusion of both ambi-polar type exist in the plasma.....

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Open Access Research Nanotechnology

Isotretinoin Immobilized on Silica/Ceria Nanoparticles for Optimized Topical Treatment of Acne Vulgaris

Caroline Borges Azevedo¹, Mario Ferreira Conceição Santos¹, Michelle Saltarelli¹, Wilson Rodrigues Braz^* , Arthur Barcelos Ribeiro¹, Mariana Brentini Santiago², Anna Lívia Oliveira Santos², Emerson Henrique de Faria¹, Eduardo Ferreira Molina¹, Lucas Alonso Rocha¹, Denise Crispim Tavares Barbosa¹, Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins², Renata Fonseca Vianna Lopez³, and Eduardo José Nassar¹

Abstract: To treat acne more efficiently, we have synthesized ceria/silica nanoparticles with improved physicochemical and biological properties to enhance topical delivery of isotretinoin. Two types of nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel and co-precipitation methodologies, namely silica containing 10% ceria (SC2 10%) and ceria (C2)...

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Open Access ResearchPhysics

Discharge Structure of Ar/SF6 Inductively Coupled Plasma at Relatively Low Pressures

Shu-Xia Zhao*

Abstract: The discharge structure in an electronegative Ar/SF6 inductively coupled plasma is investigated in the article at low pressure, 10mTorr. Parabola profile in the electronegative plasma core is given by the fluid simulation, in accordance to the prediction of analytical theory....

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Open Access Research Materials Science

Possibility of Phase Transition in Mechanical Metamaterials

Julian Plewa*

Abstract: Based on the available knowledge from numerous simulation studies regarding the occurrence of metamaterial phase transition, structures were produced that exhibit a real auxetic-non-auxetic transition. The occurrence of this transition was possible thanks to the modified structure of rotating rectangles, showing significant dimensional changes....

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Open Access Review Proteomics

Advances in Single-cell Proteomics

Jin-Tao Li*

Abstract: Nowadays, single-cell proteomics emerges and applied for some critical realm both scientifically and medically. In single-cell analysis, biological variability can be attributed to individual cells, their specific state, and the ability to respond to external stimuli, which are determined by protein abundance and their relative alterations.....

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Open Access Review Neurology

A Keratan Sulfate: An Electroconductive Proton Capture Glycosaminoglycan Regulator of Neuronal Membrane Polarization, Ion Fluxes, Neuronal Activation and Neurotransduction

James Melrose1,2*

Abstract: This study describes keratan sulfate (KS), a multifunctional electroconductive glycosaminoglycan, and it’s participation in electrochemical processes that regulate neuronal activity. Neuronal cells are highly responsive to electrical stimulation and this is an intrinsic evolutionary property of this cell type.....

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Open Access Review Clinical Medicine

Nikethamide Alleviates Low SpO2 during Gastrointestinal Endoscopy under Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Propofol Combined with Sufentanil: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Lian Xin*
Zheng-feng Gu, Yi-ling Qian, Han-zhe Sun, Wei Wang, Shuai Pan, and Jin-long Lin

Abstract: Background: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy under Total Intravenous Anesthesia (GETIVA) is used for gastroin-testinal disease investigation. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and opioids is usually applied but could result in respiratory depression or low oxygen saturation. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of nikethamide (respiratory stimulant) for alleviating low oxygen saturation induced by combined propofol and sufentanil use during GETIVA......

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Open Access Research Article Oncology

Immunohistochemical Expression of MSH2 and MLH1 and Their Correlation with Histological Grades of Colorectal Carcinoma at Uganda Cancer Institute

Andrey Akinin*

Abstract: Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is a rising health challenge in Uganda. The mismatch repair (MMR) system, particularly MSH2 and MLH1, plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability; defects contribute to CRC development. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a cost-effective method for detecting MMR protein expression in CRC tissues and aids diagnosis and treatment. Study design........

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Open Access Review Article Immunology

Humanization of Laboratory Mice for HIV Research: Current Methods and Perspectives

Andrey Akinin*

Abstract: Relevance of the Topic Studying the pathogenesis of HIV infection and developing novel therapeutic strategies require adequate preclinical models that replicate key aspects of viral interaction with the human immune system. Traditional models, such as primates or transgenic animals, face significant limitations, including high costs, ethical concerns, and insufficient accuracy in mimicking human immune responses (Dash PK et al., 2021, Bennett MS, Akkina R, 2013). In this context, humanized mice, created by transplanting human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or tissues into immunodeficient mice, have emerged as revolutionary tools. These models enable the study of HIV infection in vivo, including latent reservoirs, immune responses, and the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) (Zhang C et al., 2023, Baroncini L et al., 2023)........

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Open Access Review Article Cancer

Lactylation: A Pivotal Metabolic-Epigenetic Nexus Driving Hepatocellular Carcinoma Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Resistance

Dengwang Chen1#, Xinyue Jiang1#,Linna Wei2*
Zudi Meng3*
Dongmei Li4*

Abstract: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) remains a formidable global health challenge, characterized by its complex etiology, aggressive progression, and high mortality rates. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, and lactate, a key end-product of glycolysis, has emerged as more than just a metabolic waste product. Recent groundbreaking research has unveiled lactate’s role as a signaling molecule through a novel Post-Translational Modification (PTM) known as lactylation. Protein........

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Open Access Review Article Ecology

Socio-economic Impacts of Ecosystem Service Degradation in Southern Ecological Zone of Taraba State Nigeria

Shamaki Rimamnyang Ayina1, Emeka Daniel Oruonye1*
Joshua, Ma’aku Mark2, Benjamin Ezekiel Bwadi1

Abstract: The degradation of ecosystem services poses a critical threat to rural livelihoods and socio-economic stability in resource-dependent regions of sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigates the perceived socio-economic impacts of ecosystem service decline across five Local Government Areas (LGAs); Bali, Gashaka, Sardauna, Takum, and Ussa—in the Southern Ecological Zone of Taraba State, Nigeria. Employing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 450 randomly sampled households using a structured questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale, complemented by 15 key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and thematic analysis were utilized to analyze the data.........

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